《中国共产党廉洁自律准则》和《中国共产党纪律处分条例》5大亮点解读
2016-04-11
<p style="text-align:center"><img src="/upload/images/2016/4/11163726226.jpg" title="4.jpg" /></p><p style="text-align:center"><br /></p><p><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_396" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_398" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;">10月18日,中央印发了新修订的《中国共产党廉洁自律准则》(以下简称《准则》)和《中国共产党纪律处分条例》(以下简称《条例》)。认真阅读可以发现,修订后的两项党内法规(以下简称“两项法规”)与修订前相比有了翻天覆地的变化。下面,小编就其中大家可能最感兴趣的几条,来说说“两项法规”的几大亮点。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_399" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_397" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_23" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_21" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></p><p style="text-align:center;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:19px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;background-color:#ff0000;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;">亮点一:</strong></span><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;">《准则》在对象上做“加法”,在内容上做“减法”</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;">大家读“两项法规”的第一个发现一定是:《准则》怎么变得这么短?是的,原《准则》共4个部分、18条、3600余字,修订后共8条、309字,篇幅一下子少了90%以上。这是怎么回事?</p><p style="text-indent:2em;">原来,现行的《中国共产党党员领导干部廉洁从政若干准则》主要规定的是党员领导干部在廉洁从政方面的“8个禁止”“52个不准”,属于“负面清单”,许多条款与《条例》和国家法律重复。同时,现行《准则》适用对象过窄,仅对党员领导干部提出规范,且只针对廉洁从政方面,未能涵盖8700多万全体党员在廉洁自律方面的总体要求。修订组认识到《准则》应该针对现阶段党员领导干部和党员在廉洁自律方面存在的主要问题,提出原则要求和规范,展现共产党人和古今中外高尚道德追求,从高不从低。新修订的《中国共产党廉洁自律准则》应该成为党执政以来第一部坚持正面倡导、面向全体党员的党内廉洁自律规范,成为向全体党员发出的道德宣示和对全国人民作出的庄严承诺。在对象上做“加法”,实现了对全体党员的全覆盖,在内容上做“减法”,突出廉洁主题,给出了立德向善的“正面清单”,体现了我们党全新的纪律观、廉洁观。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_419" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_417" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_415" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_413" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_407" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="text-indent:0em;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_405" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:0em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_117" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_294" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_296" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>另外,大家可能关心的是,原《准则》里的“52个不准”就将都失效了吗?没有,其中有48个不准经修订后被吸收进了新《条例》,将继续在“负面清单”中发挥作用。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_297" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_295" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:#3e3e3e;font-family:'helvetica neue', helvetica, 'hiragino sans gb', 'microsoft yahei', arial, sans-serif;widows:1;text-indent:37px;line-height:40px;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;color:#000000;background-color:#ff0000;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;">亮点二:</span></strong></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;">《条例》原先十大类变为六大类,“纪法分开、纪法各表”</span></strong><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"></span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_302" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_304" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>对比现行《条例》可以发现,此次新修订的《条例》内容也做了较大幅度的修改,原《条例》共3编、15章、178条、2.4万余字,修订后的《条例》共3编、11章、1.7万余字,新增、去除、修改条文比例高达近90%,有的章节达100%,也可谓是“脱胎换骨”。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_305" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_303" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_310" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_312" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>据介绍,现行《条例》中对违反党章、损害党章权威的违纪行为缺乏必要和严肃的责任追究,且存在纪法不分的情况,在178条中有近80条与刑法等国家法律规定重复,降低了对党组织和党员的要求。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_313" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_311" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_318" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_320" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>新《条例》的一个重要特色是“纪法分开、纪法各表”,纪律的归纪律,法律的归法律,一方面使得纪律挺在了法律前面,比法律规定更加严格,对党员提出比老百姓更高的要求,有利于抓早抓小、防患于未然,避免党员干部“要么是好同志、要么是阶下囚”的情况;另一方面也使得纪委和司法部门的工作更加泾渭分明,避免了工作上的重复交叉、纪委成了党内的“公检法”。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_321" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_319" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_326" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_328" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>正是因此,原先十大类纪律中与法律重复的贪污贿赂、经济秩序、财经纪律、渎职行为、社会管理等类别被取消,重新被归纳为政治、组织、廉洁、群众、工作和生活六大类,虽然数量上少于原来的十大类纪律,但却完全做到了“纪律姓纪”,其“制度成色”有了质的飞跃。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_329" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_327" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:#3e3e3e;font-family:'helvetica neue', helvetica, 'hiragino sans gb', 'microsoft yahei', arial, sans-serif;widows:1;text-indent:37px;line-height:40px;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;color:#000000;background-color:#ff0000;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">亮点三:</span></strong></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">政治纪律列六大纪律之首,搞“团团伙伙、结党营私、拉帮 结派”等情形被明令禁止”</span></strong><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"></span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_336" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_338" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>修订后的《条例》把政治纪律列为六大纪律之首,特别增加了拉帮结派、对抗组织审查、搞无原则一团和气等违纪条款。这些都是党的十八大以来,在全面从严治党的过程中,结合“打虎”“拍蝇”的实践所丰富的内容。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_339" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_337" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_344" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_346" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>例如,在中纪委对周永康、令计划、赵少麟等人开除党籍的通报中,均出现了“违反党的政治纪律”的字眼;在近期的通报中还对“违反党的政治纪律和政治规矩”的情形进行了具体描述,如周本顺“在重大问题上发表违背中央精神的言论,不认真落实党风廉政建设主体责任,干扰、妨碍组织审查”,杨栋梁“进行非组织政治活动,干扰、妨碍组织审查”,潘逸阳“进行非组织政治活动,不如实向组织说明问题”,余远辉“公开发表与全面从严治党要求相违背的言论”等,这些都可以从新修订的《条例》中找到相同或类似的表述。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_347" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_345" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_352" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_354" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>此外,在十八大以来的历次中央巡视对各地区和单位的反馈报告中,也多次可以看到“搞团团伙伙、结党营私、拉帮结派、培植私人势力”“非组织活动”“不如实报告个人有关事项”“权权交易、利用职权或者职务上的影响为亲属和身边工作人员谋利”“侵害群众利益、漠视群众诉求”“党组织履行全面从严治党主体责任不力”等表述,这些都被增加到了新《条例》中,并对上述情形的处分轻重进行了详细的规定。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_355" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_353" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_360" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_362" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>此外,《条例》公布后,第六十八条“党员领导干部违反有关规定组织、参加自发成立的老乡会、校友会、战友会等,情节严重的,给予警告、严重警告或者撤销党内职务处分。”立刻引起了很多人的广泛关注:那我们平时经常参加的老乡会、校友会、战友会算违纪吗?经请教专业人士,这条规定有明确的主体限制:党员领导干部,且是违法有关规定的。那么,有关规定指的是什么规定呢?正哥哥查了一下,早在2002年4月,一份名为《中央纪委 中央组织部 总政治部关于领导干部不得参加自发成立的"老乡会"、"校友会"、"战友会"组织的通知》的文件就已经向党内印发,里面对此有详细的规定,感兴趣者可自行搜索具体内容。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_363" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_361" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:#3e3e3e;font-family:'helvetica neue', helvetica, 'hiragino sans gb', 'microsoft yahei', arial, sans-serif;widows:1;text-indent:37px;line-height:40px;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;background-color:#ff0000;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">亮点四:</span></strong></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">八项规定写进《条例》,“通奸”字眼将被废止</span></strong><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"></span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_370" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_372" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>党的十八大以来,中央坚决贯彻八项规定,坚决反对“四风”问题,并且始终坚持不懈,通过狠抓节点、密集通报,对公款吃喝、公车私用、公款旅游、大操大办婚丧喜庆、违规发放津补贴、违规收送礼品、违规修建楼堂馆所等原先群众反映较为强烈的“四风”问题形成了较为明显的遏制。新《条例》将落实中央八项规定精神、反对“四风”等方面的问题增加到了“廉洁纪律”一章中,充分体现了十八大以来实践成果的有效固化,使得执行八项规定、反对“四风”上升到了党内法规保障的层面上,对下一步继续遏制“四风”问题蔓延起到了“有规可依”的作用。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_373" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_371" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_378" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_380" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>另一个值得大家关注的亮点是,原《条例》中的“通奸”的字眼在新《条例》中被删除,与之相关的新条文一个是在违反廉洁自律一章中第103条“搞权色交易或者给予财物搞钱色交易”的规定,另一个是在违反生活纪律一章中的“与他人发生不正当性行为,造成不良后果”。可以预见,曾饱受社会舆论争议的党员领导干部开除党籍情况通报中的“通奸”二字将成为历史,新《条例》中的表述将会取而代之。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_381" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_379" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span></p><p style="padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:#3e3e3e;font-family:'helvetica neue', helvetica, 'hiragino sans gb', 'microsoft yahei', arial, sans-serif;widows:1;text-indent:37px;line-height:40px;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;background-color:#ff0000;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">亮点五:</span></strong></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-size:14px;"><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">“全面从严治党主体责任”首次提出</span></strong><strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"></span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:2em;"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_388" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_390" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span>新《条例》的另一个亮点是在第114条首次提出了“党组织不履行全面从严治党主体责任或者履行全面从严治党主体责任不力”这个说法。以往我们强调的都是在党风廉政建设中,党委负主体责任,纪委负监督责任。据介绍,全面从严治党主体责任比党风廉政建设主体责任范围更宽、标准更高、责任更大、要求更高,不仅包括党风廉政建设方面,还要落实到思想建党、制度治党、纪律立党、组织建党、人才兴党等管党治党的各领域和全过程,坚决防止组织软弱、队伍涣散、党风退化、纪律松弛等问题。下一步,如何在实践中强化“全面从严治党主体责任”值得关注。<span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_391" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_389" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_7" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_5" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_19" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_17" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_15" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_13" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_11" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_9" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span></p><p style="text-align:center"><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_3" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><span id="_baidu_bookmark_end_1" style="display:none;line-height:0px;"></span><br /></p>